Hindi Grammar: Learning Parts of Speech

Grammar will be the rules of your language. To learn a language, it is important to know the rules. To start with, to learn Hindi grammar, we study the different aspects of speech inside language. The parts of speech are the same to that in English language. The article lists the various components of speech in Hindi.
One of the most popular starters in a very language class is always to ask students to imagine a world without the language or any form of expression. The objective is to remind students and myself about how precisely important language is. In every language, grammar plays an essential role. It organizes which. It provides the rules of the text. Grammar in Hindi is called vyakran. In this article, we educate yourself on the different areas of speech within the Hindi language. The meanings of the Hindi words are given in English in parentheses following the Hindi word. Where applicable, the Hindi script is also given.

Parts of speech in Hindi grammar correspond with this of English. In Hindi, too, you can find eight parts of speech. The eight parts of speech are sangya (noun), sarvnam (pronoun), vesheshan (adjective), kriya (verb), kriya visheshan (adverb), sambandhbhodak (preposition), yojak (conjunction), and ghotak (interjection). Let us analyze the various components of speech individually.
Nouns these are known as sangya (संज्ञा) in Hindi. Just like nouns in English, sangya also name people, places, things and ideas. For example:
The following sentences contain types of sangya (nouns):
Pronouns are known as sarvnam (सर्वनाम) in Hindi. Like in English, sarvnam are words used in place of nouns. For example:
The following sentences contain samples of sarvnam (pronouns):
Adjectives are called vesheshan (विशेक्षण) in Hindi. Just like adjectives in English, vesheshan also give additional information about the sangya (noun) or the sarvnam (pronoun). For example:
The following sentences contain examples of vesheshan (adjectives):
The verb, specifically the action verb, is known as kriya (क्रिया) in the Hindi language. For example:
Note how the verbs given within the example are for singular masculine subjects. For feminine gender and singular girls number for friendship, the verbs are conjugated as khati hai (खातीहै), peeti hai (पीतीहै), and jati hai (जाती है). The plurals with the verbs for both the genders are khate hai (खातेहै), jate hai (जातेहै), and peete hai (पीतेहै).
The following sentences contain instances of kriya (verbs):
Kriya vesheshan (क्रियाविशेक्षण) in Hindi does the same work as that is certainly done by adverbs in English. These words give more information about the verb, adjectives, as well as other adverbs in the sentence. For example:
The following sentences contain types of kriya vesheshan (adverbs):
Prepositions are known sambhandbodhak shabd (सम्बन्धबोधक) in Hindi. Just as prepositions in English describe the connection between nouns, verbs, and adjectives, sambhandbodhak shabd are words this tell about the relationships of sangya (nouns) and sarvnam (pronouns) using the other words of the sentence. For example:
The following sentences contain types of sambhandbodhak shabd (prepositions):
Conjunctions are known yojak (योजक) in Hindi. Like in English, these words get the job done of joining two sentences or aspects of sentences. For example:
The following sentences contain instances of yojak (conjunctions):
Interjections are classified as ghotak (घोतक) in Hindi. Similar to in English, they are exclamatory words. For example:
The following sentences contain instances of ghotak (interjections):




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All with the above mentioned aspects of speech can further be grouped in two categories:
Vikari: The word vikar means change. The words that could be changed in form are known as vikari. Sangya (noun), sarvnam (pronoun), visheshan (adjective), and kriya (verb) are in this category for that simple believe that their form can be changed. To form the feminine gender or plural of these words, the original word is changed. Hence, these kinds of words are called vikari shabd. Different forms with the same word could be formed in the case of vikari shabd. For example, ladka (लड़का) can be a masculine gender singular noun; the feminine gender of ladka (लड़का) is ladki (लड़की) and also the plural number is ladke (लड़के). The word ladka is changed to make the feminine gender along with the plural forms.
Avikari: The prefix a- prefixed to some word in Hindi helps make the opposite of the word. Avikari category words include those areas of speech which can't be changed or who have only one form. Kriya visheshan (adverb), sambhodhak (preposition), yojak (conjunction), and ghotak (interjection) are avikari words. For example, the adverb jaldi (जल्दी), and also the preposition aur (और) have merely one form and so are hence called avikari shabd. These words cannot be employed in any other form.
A practice exercise is available for download at Practice Exercise - Parts of Speech in Hindi.
References: Sachitra Hindi Vyakran (सचित्रहिन्दीव्याकर) and Manak Vyavharik Hindi Vyakran Tha Rachna (मानकव्यवहारिकहिन्दीव्याकरतथारचना)